Concentration Converter

Convert between molarity, normality, percent by weight, and other concentration units

Concentration Converter

Input Value:

Moles of solute per liter of solution

Converted Value:

Grams of solute per 100g of solution

Solution Parameters

Select Common Solute:

Molar Mass (g/mol):

Solution Density (g/mL):

Equivalent Factor (for Normality):

For acids and bases, this is often the number of H+ or OH- ions per molecule

Concentration Example:

Common laboratory solutions

Understanding Concentration Units

Common Concentration Units:

Molarity (M): Moles of solute per liter of solution. A 1M solution contains 1 mole of solute in 1 liter of solution.
Molality (m): Moles of solute per kilogram of solvent. Important in studies where temperature changes occur.
Normality (N): Gram-equivalents of solute per liter. Useful for acid-base and redox reactions.
Percent by weight (% w/w): Grams of solute per 100 grams of solution. Common in many commercial solutions.
Parts per million (ppm): Mass of solute per million mass units of solution. Used for very dilute solutions.

Conversion Considerations:

Converting between different types of concentration units often requires additional information about the solution, such as density and molar mass.
For very dilute solutions, some approximations can be made (e.g., solution density ≈ solvent density).
Temperature affects solution density, which can impact concentration conversions.
Normality depends on the reaction being considered, as the equivalent factor may change.

Common Concentration Values

Solution	Typical Concentration	Applications
Saline solution (medical)	0.9% w/v NaCl (0.15 M)	IV fluids, wound cleaning
Blood glucose (normal)	90-100 mg/dL (5 mM)	Medical diagnosis
Household vinegar	5% v/v acetic acid	Cooking, cleaning
Household bleach	5-6% w/v sodium hypochlorite	Disinfection, cleaning
Hydrogen peroxide (medicinal)	3% w/v H₂O₂	Antiseptic, cleaning
Sea water	3.5% w/v dissolved salts	Natural environment
Laboratory buffers	0.01-0.1 M	Biochemical assays, pH control
Drinking water chlorine	1-4 ppm	Water disinfection

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Concentration Visualization

1 M

= 5.844 percent

Concentrated solution

Concentration Scale:

Very diluteMediumConcentrated

Quick Conversion Guide

Molarity ↔ Percent (w/v):

% = (M × molar mass) ÷ 10

M = (% × 10) ÷ molar mass

Molarity ↔ ppm:

ppm = M × molar mass × 1000

M = ppm ÷ (molar mass × 1000)

Molarity ↔ Molality:

For dilute aqueous solutions: M ≈ m

More precisely: m = M ÷ (density - M × molar mass ÷ 1000)

Normality ↔ Molarity:

N = M × equiv. factor

M = N ÷ equiv. factor

Practical Applications

• Chemistry: Preparing reagents and buffers for reactions and analysis
• Medicine: Formulating IV fluids, medications, and diagnostic solutions
• Biology: Creating growth media for microorganisms and cell cultures
• Environmental science: Measuring pollutant levels and water quality
• Industry: Quality control for products like cleaning agents and chemicals
• Agriculture: Formulating fertilizers and pesticides
• Food science: Controlling additives, preservatives, and flavoring agents

About the Concentration Converter

Convert between molarity, normality, percent by weight, and other concentration units All conversions run instantly in your browser and nothing you enter is sent to a server.

Common Conversion Formulas

From	To	Formula
Molarity (M)	Moles per liter (mol/L)	mol/L = M
Weight percent (wt%)	Parts per million (ppm)	ppm = wt% × 10,000
Molarity (M)	Normality (N)	N = M × Equivalence factor

Concentration Converter