Radiation Dose Converter
Convert between Sievert, Rem, Gray, Rad, and other radiation dose units
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Conversion Formula:
Multiply by 100
Common Conversions
Radiation Dose Units
Equivalent Dose Units:
- Sievert (Sv) & Rem: Measure equivalent dose, which accounts for the biological effects of radiation. 1 Sv = 100 rem.
- These units factor in the radiation type (alpha, beta, gamma, etc.) and its biological impact.
- Used for radiation protection and setting safety limits.
Absorbed Dose Units:
- Gray (Gy) & Rad: Measure absorbed dose, the energy deposited in matter. 1 Gy = 100 rad.
- Purely physical measurements that don't account for biological effects.
- For X-rays and gamma rays, 1 Gy ≈ 1 Sv numerically.
Note: For radiation types other than X-rays and gamma rays (e.g., alpha particles, neutrons), the conversion between absorbed dose (Gy/rad) and equivalent dose (Sv/rem) requires a radiation weighting factor.
International Radiation Dose Limits
General Public:
- 1 mSv per year (excluding medical exposures and natural background)
- Up to 5 mSv in special circumstances
Radiation Workers:
- 20 mSv per year (averaged over 5 years)
- Maximum 50 mSv in any single year
Special Situations:
- Pregnant workers: 1 mSv during pregnancy
- Emergency responders: 100 mSv during crisis
Background Radiation:
- Global average: 2.4 mSv per year
- Varies by location (1-10 mSv per year)
Radiation Health Effects
| Dose | Effects |
|---|---|
| 0-100 mSv | No immediate observable effects. Potential slight increase in cancer risk at upper levels. |
| 100-500 mSv | Minor blood changes. No immediate symptoms. Increased cancer risk. |
| 500 mSv-1 Sv | Mild radiation sickness. Nausea, fatigue. Recovery likely. |
| 1-4 Sv | Severe radiation sickness. Immune system damage. Medical intervention needed. |
| 4-8 Sv | Acute illness, high mortality rate without intensive care. |
| 8+ Sv | Fatal within days to weeks, even with treatment. |
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Visual Comparison
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1.00 Sv
Regulatory Limits
Similar to: Worker Annual Limit
Occupational exposure limit set by most radiation protection agencies
Maximum annual dose limit for radiation workers (1 Sv)Severe Risk
Radiation Dose Reference
Natural Background (1-10 μSv/day)
Cosmic rays, earth, and radon
Medical Imaging (0.01-20 mSv)
X-rays, CT scans, nuclear medicine
Regulatory Limits (1-50 mSv)
Public and occupational limits
Health Effects (> 100 mSv)
Radiation sickness threshold, cancer risk
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About the Radiation Dose Converter
Convert between Sievert, Rem, Gray, Rad, and other radiation dose units All conversions run instantly in your browser and nothing you enter is sent to a server.
Common Conversion Formulas
| From | To | Formula |
|---|---|---|
| Gray (Gy) | Rad (rad) | rad = Gy × 100 |
| Sievert (Sv) | Rem (rem) | rem = Sv × 100 |
| Effective Dose | Equivalent Dose × Tissue Weighting Factor | E = H × wₜ |